World from my window: July 2025

Right now, as you read this, you might glance out your window or imagine the stars above. Those twinkling lights seem to tell us what’s happening in the universe today, but they’re actually broadcasting the past. Every ray of light that reaches us has been on an epic journey, sometimes lasting from a few minutes to millions of years. In this blog, we’ll explore why we’re always looking at history, why traveling to distant planets is a tougher puzzle than it looks, and how a quirky quantum trick might one day let us peek at the galaxy in real-time.

Observing the Past, Not the Present

When you see the Sun shining at this very moment, you’re actually seeing it as it was 8 minutes ago. That’s how long it takes light—traveling at a blistering 300,000 kilometers per second—to zip the 150 million kilometers from the Sun to Earth. This speed is the ultimate cosmic limit, set by Einstein’s theory of relativity, and it’s why we measure vast distances in light-years (about 9.46 trillion kilometers, the distance light covers in a year).

Now, consider a star 1,000 light-years away. The light hitting your eyes tonight left that star 1,000 years ago, back when knights roamed medieval Europe. Or take the Andromeda galaxy, 2.5 million light-years away—the light we see today started its journey when our early human ancestors were crafting stone tools. Even the closest stars, like Proxima Centauri (4.24 light-years away), show us a snapshot from over four years ago. Every time we point a telescope at the sky, we’re watching a cosmic rerun, not a live show.

This happens because light carries information, and it takes time to travel across the vastness of space. Our most powerful telescopes, like the James Webb Space Telescope, can see galaxies billions of light-years away, meaning we’re glimpsing the universe as it was when it was just a baby—less than a billion years old—out of its current 13.8 billion-year lifespan.

The Dream of Interstellar Travel: A Long Shot

Imagine we discover a planet 5,000 light-years away that looks like paradise—watery oceans, green forests, and an atmosphere perfect for breathing. Exciting, right? But here’s the reality check: that image is 5,000 years old. By the time the light reached us, that planet could have turned into a desert or been swallowed by its star. And getting there? That’s where the real challenge kicks in.

Current spacecraft, like NASA’s Voyager 1 (the fastest human-made object), travel at about 17 kilometers per second—impressive, but only 0.005% of light speed. At that pace, reaching a star 5,000 light-years away would take 100 million years! Even with futuristic engines, we hit a wall. Einstein’s relativity tells us that as we approach light speed, an object’s mass grows, needing exponentially more energy to accelerate. To hit even 10% of light speed (30,000 km/s), we’d need a power source beyond our wildest dreams—think antimatter reactors or nuclear fusion on steroids.

Then there’s the journey itself. Space is a harsh place, filled with cosmic rays (high-energy particles from exploding stars) and micrometeoroids that could punch holes in a ship. A 100-million-year trip would also mean dealing with generational crews or putting humans in cryogenic sleep (freezing them to wake up later), both of which are still sci-fi concepts. And even if we develop this tech in a few centuries, the planet we aimed for might not exist anymore—stars evolve, planets collide, and cosmic events like supernovae can wipe out systems. Galactic travel sounds cool, but it’s a gamble against a moving target.

Quantum Entanglement: A Cosmic Shortcut?

So, if we can’t see the universe live or visit distant worlds soon, how do we learn what’s happening right now—say, in Andromeda at 05:23 PM IST today? Enter quantum entanglement, a mind-bending idea from quantum mechanics. Picture two particles that get “linked” in a special way. If you tweak one—say, measuring its spin—the other instantly adjusts, even if they’re light-years apart. Scientists have tested this with particles separated by hundreds of kilometers, and the change happens faster than light could travel, defying our everyday intuition.

This “spooky action” (as Einstein called it) happens because entangled particles share a special connection, governed by the rules of quantum superposition (where particles exist in multiple states until measured). While we can’t use it to send messages—thanks to a limit called the no-communication theorem—it hints at a future where we might “sense” distant places instantly. Imagine planting entangled particles across the galaxy and using them to check Andromeda’s status in real-time, bypassing the light-year delay.

This is still experimental. Today’s quantum tech can entangle particles in labs, but scaling it to galactic distances requires breakthroughs in quantum communication and error correction. Still, it’s our best shot at understanding the universe as it is, not as it was, turning us from historians into live witnesses—maybe one day revealing whether Andromeda’s spiral arms are thriving or crumbling right now.

The Universe: A Puzzle of the Past and Future

As of today, we’re stuck as learners of the past, piecing together the universe’s story from ancient light. We may never know what’s happening in Andromeda this very second, but that doesn’t dim our curiosity. Whether it’s building bigger telescopes to see deeper into history, dreaming up starships to chase distant worlds, or unraveling quantum entanglement to peek at the present, humanity’s journey is just beginning. So, tonight, when you look up at the stars, remember—you’re not just seeing light, you’re holding a piece of the cosmos’s incredible past, with its future still waiting to be written.

Fancy a Shot at Immortality? Park Near a Black Hole!

Want to live forever (or at least feel like it)? Ditch the fountain of youth and build a crib near a black hole’s event horizon! Thanks to gravitational time dilation, time slows down the closer you get—spend 60 years there, and thousands or even millions of years could zip by on Earth. With some next-level tech to dodge the tidal forces (those pesky stretches that could turn you into spaghetti), you’d be the ultimate cosmic time-lord, watching the universe age while you sip tea in slow-mo! I am planning to build my future residence there!!!

When someone cracks one of the toughest exams in the world, naturally, our expectations from them rise. The UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE) is a grueling, multi-stage process with a success rate of less than 0.2%. Those who clear it are presumed to be not just academically brilliant, but also capable of great administrative foresight and a genuine passion for public service.

However, what have we really received in return from many of those selected to serve as civil servants? It's a question worth asking—not from a place of disrespect, but from a place of demand for accountability and reform.

The Tax Burden vs. Public Infrastructure

India has one of the highest indirect tax burdens in the world. GST alone accounts for a massive chunk of the government’s revenue. The effective tax rate on everyday goods can go as high as 28%, and fuel prices are taxed so heavily that citizens in India pay among the highest petrol/diesel rates globally.

Despite this, our roads, footpaths, and public utilities remain in questionable condition. Examples:

Encroached or non-existent footpaths in most Tier-1 and Tier-2 cities make walking a risk to life.
Pothole-ridden roads, especially in monsoons, lead to thousands of accidents annually.
Failed infrastructure: The bizarre 90-degree overbridge in Bhopal that defies logic and engineering sense, or the Rs 1.5 crore clock tower in Bihar that became a national joke.

This disconnect between public spending and public benefit is more than just poor execution—it's a systemic failure of accountability.

But Civil Servants Have It All... So Why the Apathy?

Civil servants in India:

Enjoy high salaries (an IAS officer starts with a gross salary of ₹56,100, not including perks and housing).
Receive free housing, transport, staff, and healthcare.
Have job security for life, often beyond 30 years.
Gain elite social status, often being treated as demigods in smaller towns and rural belts.

In comparison, a corporate employee has none of these luxuries and faces constant performance reviews, job risks, and market volatility.

So why is it that, despite these perks, the quality of administration often remains mediocre?

Core Problem: Absence of Accountability

In the private sector, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) drive performance. You meet targets → you rise. You fail repeatedly → you're out. In the civil services, this is almost non-existent.

Promotions are time-bound, not merit-bound.
Transfers are often politically influenced.
Annual Confidential Reports (ACRs) are vague and usually inflated.
There is no real-time public dashboard to monitor bureaucrats’ performance on projects or schemes.

This leads to a situation where working diligently becomes voluntary, not necessary.

Some Data to Support This View:

According to the Performance Management Division under the Cabinet Secretariat, over 40% of ministries and departments fail to meet even 60% of their annual targets.
A 2017 PRS Legislative Research report found that implementation delays in central schemes often stem from "bureaucratic bottlenecks and lack of local-level planning."
The World Bank’s Ease of Doing Business Report (2019) placed India at rank 63—but many of the implementation-level delays still exist due to “administrative red tape and ground-level lethargy.”

What Can Be Done? A Suggested Reform Blueprint

Define Clear KPIs: For each officer, based on role and location—e.g., sanitation scores for municipal commissioners, road quality index for PWD officers.
Public Dashboards: Let citizens see monthly targets, achievements, and pending work, similar to RTI but in real-time.
Performance-linked Promotions and Incentives: Reward efficiency and innovation; delay or deny promotion for underperformance.
Fixed Tenure and Autonomy: Reduce political transfers to allow officers to deliver on long-term vision.
Digital Monitoring: Use AI and data analytics to monitor scheme implementation, fund usage, and citizen satisfaction.

Final Thoughts

No nation can progress if its best minds are selected through a hyper-competitive process but then left unchallenged and unaccountable for decades. We don’t need miracle workers—we need a system where excellence is expected, measured, and rewarded.

The civil service should be the engine of India's transformation, not a bureaucratic bottleneck. And for that, reform isn’t just desirable—it’s urgent.

World from my window

Saturday, 12 July 2025

Why Galactic Settlement Is a Chase of Shadows: A Scientific and Philosophical Manifesto